![]() Where people get stuck, I think is that they often start with blender, find the UI different and have difficulty changing habits. It's a pure misnomer that Zbrush's UI is more complicated and less intuitive, you can learn the basic features of both programs in roughly the same amount of time. I'm pretty sure I can create a sword in Zbrush in about 2 mins or less with reasonably complex topology. It's almost like a hot knife through butter in how quickly you can take simple shapes, combine them and manipulate them in zbrush to create complex objects quickly. A great set of tools for 3D modeling miniatures. And that not even including the deformation suite that Zbrush has where you can actively deform 3D models easily, such as bending, resizing, twisting, tapering, inflating etc. Zbrush comes with a brush called Zmoddler that once a primitive is loaded from the side menu can be extruded and manipulated in less time, with less complexity, with greater speed than Blenders modeling suite, and has staggering additions on top of blender that can be easily accessed by pressing the space bar that put blenders modeling software to shame. If remember correctly it's one click on the side menu primitives then one click on edit mode. The Idea that Zbrush takes three steps to make a basic cube is simply incorrect. If someone is making low poly hard surface assets, like copious counts-as weapons or boxy vehicles.why pay for premium software? PondaNagura wrote: Aye, but free also means accessible.Īnd it depends on what a person is intending to make, be it virtual or tangible, and the level of detail in the final product. If someone is making low poly hardsurface assets, like copious counts-as weapons or boxy vehicles.why pay for premium software? ![]() I could never get the hang of sketchup.Īnd it depends on what a person is intending to make, be it a virtual or tangible, and the level of detail in final product.Ī high detail character sculpt for resin printing can be done in blender (or sculptris), it will likely take more time and extra steps to get the same results as zbrush, but it can be done more leisurely than rushing to make every dollar count on time. I only recently have been able to get zbrush with their 6month plan (a dollar day, not bad), prior to that I was content using a combination of sculptris and blender. I used a cheapy bamboo and gimp for years to get enough paid gigs to afford regular photoshop and an intuos pro. Granted, not the most user friendly until 2.8, but then zbrush 2021 still takes 3 steps to make a basic cubeįree-ware also lets some form of work be done, and can be a handy stepping stone to build up to being able to afford premium tools. zbrushcoremini was only released a few months ago, I'm not surprised people don't know about it.īlender has been available since the early 00s. Now many of the bigger companies have come around to released free-ish versions of their software, but that's only been the case in the last few years. Not every creator/hobbyist has spare 30-50usd/month to throw at industry-standard software subscriptions, they'll only get to use in their side time. Blender, Poser, etc.I agree if one has the financial resources, zbrush features are worth the money for making complicated quality sculpts, once you get over the initial UX hurdles. And once the shirt fits, it should be no problem importing it into another modeler. You'll have to render with another software, but you'll gain a lot more room for detail. You can go straight to paint, or you could delete the basemesh, and paint the extract seperately. Of course you can continue modeling on either mesh. Finaly hide your basemesh, and use Grab and Inflate to fix he poke-throughs. Then use Scale and Grab to get it mostly into place. Then just import your extract, checking "Facing camera" so there's no need to rotate. ![]() But always press Z after moving and while your basemesh is facing mostly forward, to reset to Front view. You may want to move and scale your basemesh before you import your extract, after a few tries you'll understand. Back in Sculptris, start by opening or importing your basemesh. Meshmixer chooses the smaller area but if thats what you want to keep you need to invert. Then choose Modify selection - invert if needed. Then choose Deformations - smooth boundary. If you select too much you can (shft)+click to deselect. In Select mode select the area you want to extract. Export your basemesh from sculptris, you need not go into paint or be uv-mapped.
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They are now pupae and in their warm cocoon change into a bee like a caterpillar changes into a butterfly. They grow for about six days then the nurse bees put a cap on their cell and they spin a cocoon around themselves. They start as eggs laid by the queen and after about three days they "hatch" and become larvae and begin to feed on the sweet energy rich food the nurse bees have placed in their cell for them. If you see a queen that has a red dot on her back you would know she was born in 2003 or 2008 etc.Ī: Brood is the baby bees. There are five colours, one for each year in a five year cycle starting with blue in years ending in 0 or 5 the working through white for years ending in 1 and 6 yellow for years 2 and 7 red for 3 and 8 and green for years ending in 4 or 9. The drone bee lives through the summer but is of no value to the hive in winter as there is no queen mating during that time so they are un-ceremonially stung to death or forced from the hive to die in the cold.Ī: Many beekeepers and queen breeders use an international marking system where a small dot is painted on the back of the thorax (the middle part between the head and abdomen). Unfortunately they are also the main breeding ground for the Varroa mite which prefers the drone brood for its breeding cycle since the drone spends the most time as a pupae. ![]() The drone: the male bees in the hive which are the only stingless bee in the hive is there only for breeding purposes for future queens although they also seem to add to the general morale of the hive and can be an indicator of a healthy and “happy” hive. A worker bee lives for about 42 days or six weeks during the build up and honey flow seasons but the bees born in fall seem to have a different biology which allows them to live through the winter to start the early spring build up of the hive. The worker bees also collect water for the hive. Propolis is used as a “glue” to seal the hive and it also has disinfectant and antibacterial qualities which help’s the hive maintain a nearly sterile environment. ![]() The worker bee: female bees that do the actual work in the hive, from housekeeping and nursing of young brood in the early stages of life to field bees who collect the nectar, which is turned into honey, pollen to use as a protein source in their food and tree sap among other components which they turn into propolis. When a hive replaces a queen it is called a Supercedure. They don't always get it right but neither do we. A queen releases pheromones throughout her life which the bees use to identify their queen and hive as well as the state of the queen’s health. Sometimes the hive does this as well when they sense the queen is losing her ability to lay sufficient eggs. They lose their ability to maintain the hive numbers after a while so many beekeepers replace them every year or two. A queen bee usually lives from two to four years but we have seen queens that are five years old. Between 175000-200000 eggs are laid each year. She will lay about 1000 -1500 per day during the honey production season to maintain a hives numbers, replacing those bees who have died. ![]() The queen bee: usually only one per hive is the only female bee to have fully functional ovaries and can lay up to 2000 eggs per day at a rate of 5-6 per minute during a hives build up period, usually in spring. A: A Honey Bee colonies consist of three different bees (castes) ![]() A doctor can recommend a treatment that is effective in the long term.Ĭhronic constipation can signal an underlying condition, so receiving a diagnosis is important.Īnyone who is uncertain about the risks or benefits of the teas or other herbal products should discuss them with a healthcare provider. If a person finds that they have come to rely on laxative teas, they should see a doctor to diagnose the cause of their chronic constipation. Herbal teas can help with the occasional bout of constipation, but they are not a long-term solution. The active ingredients in teas can also interact with some medications.īefore taking a tea to relieve constipation, ask a doctor or pharmacist whether the ingredients will interact with any current medications. Some laxative ingredients in teas, such as senna, can cause side effects and increase the risk of additional issues, including diarrhea. Also, some teas include other untested ingredients. In the United States, the country’s Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do not regulate herbal products, such as laxative teas.īecause of this, the potency of ingredients may vary from product to product. Some OTC laxative medications are available in doses for younger people. Only adults should consume laxative teas or herbs because they can cause different results in children.Īsk a doctor about the best ways to treat constipation in children. Though many people find herbal teas to be gentle and relaxing, there are some factors to consider. Traditionally, people have chewed the leaves or stems to address issues such as bad breath and flatulence. Parsley is a common herb that may help with digestive disorders.Ī tea that includes the leaves or seeds of the plant may help to relieve mild constipation. ChamomileĬhamomile is a familiar fragrant herb used in teas for its soothing effects on the body.ĭrinking a cup of chamomile tea after meals or toward the end of the day may help to calm the muscles in the intestines and speed up the time between a meal and a bowel movement. It may be best to drink a cup of this tea toward the end of the day. ![]() Marshmallow root may have a similar soothing effect as licorice, and its laxative properties make it a common ingredient in medicinal teas. Licorice root has an anti-inflammatory effect, and it may aid digestion.Īfter a meal has settled, drinking a cup of licorice root tea may soothe the digestive system and encourage a bowel movement. Tea made from licorice root is a popular tonic for digestive issues. People often drink these beverages in the morning to wake themselves up and encourage a bowel movement.Ĭaffeine can have negative side effects in people who are sensitive to it, however. Stimulating teas and coffee also have a laxative effect.īlack tea, green tea, and coffee naturally contain caffeine, a stimulant that speeds up bowel movements in many people. Share on Pinterest Drinking caffeinated teas can speed up bowel movements. To ease the digestive process, try drinking a cup of dandelion tea after meals. This can help to relieve mild constipation. Dandelionĭandelion tea may help with mild digestive symptoms, such as bloating or occasional constipation.ĭandelion can stimulate the liver to produce bile, which can indirectly help with constipation.ĭandelion tea can also act as a diuretic in the body, adding more water to the digestive system and the stools. Drinking 1 or 2 cups each day, after meals, may help the body to process food and produce bowel movements. Ginger tea can help with digestion after a heavy meal. Many people use ginger tea to calm irritation in the digestive system and improve digestion. When constipation stems from poor digestion, ginger root may help. The soothing effect of the menthol in peppermint may help to relax an upset stomach while moving stool through the intestines.ĭrinking a cup of peppermint tea after each meal may benefit people who experience constipation and an upset stomach. Peppermint tea is a popular natural remedy for digestive issues, and many OTC medicines for digestive issues contain peppermint extract. These pills can be highly effective in relieving constipation. Many over-the-counter (OTC) laxative pills contain higher concentrations of senna than the teas. ![]() The senna plant contains compounds called glycosides that stimulate the digestive system. Senna tea is made from the dried leaves and pods of the Senna alexandrina shrub. ![]() Senna is among the most well-known and frequently used laxative ingredients in teas. The following teas may have laxative or muscle-relaxing effects that help to relieve constipation and encourage bowel movements. ![]() ![]() When placed in a 2.5 mm ID plug the toothpick is loose and will fall out when tipped. If you slide this into the end of a 2.1 mm ID plug it will be snug and would not fall out when tipped up. The City of Fawn Creek is located in the State of Kansas. ![]() Please make sure the power supply is de-energized before trying any of these methods. You can buy one and get an Adapter (2.1 to 2.5, or 2.5 to 2.1) in case you buy the wrong one, or there are a couple tricks that can help identify which size you have. and plugs into your receiver or transmitter with the 2.1 VDC barrel connector. Since this measurement is too close to use a ruler and fitting a caliper (if available) inside a 2.1 or 2.5 mm hole is very difficult to do accurately. SIM&NAT 20AWG 10Ft 2.1mm x 5.5mm Male to Female DC Extension Wire Power Jack Adapter Barrel Plug Cable, Extension Wire for CCTV Security Camera, DVR, HDVD, LED Strip Light, Low Voltage Application 261 879 List: 9. Hollyland D-Tap to 2.1mm Barrel DC Power Cable for Mars 300/400/400S With. This is made more difficult by the fact that the two most common sizes of plugs at 2.1 mm ID x 5.5 mm OD and 2.5 mm ID x 5.5 mm OD. DigiKey Tech Forum: Tech Tips Engineering and Component Solution Forum. The difficult specification to find on many of these power supplies is what size if the inner diameter of the plug / connector. Measuring Power Supply Barrel Plug ID 2.1mm vs 2.5mm. One common question that is asked of Techs at Digi-Key is to trying to verify the correct replacement wall mount AC to DC power supply. ![]() ![]() Have you given this recipe a shot? Let us know how it went in the comments below. Fill blender with ice, add Limeaide, Triple Sec and Tequila, using the Minute Maid Limeaid can for measuring and blend well. This is your marg-make it how you love it. You can also experiment with your perfect rim! Obviously we love salt, but you could spike that with a bit of chile powder, or use Tajín for some spice. We went with the classic here, but if you prefer some fruity flavor in your frozen marg, go for it! Swap out the ice for frozen fruit like we did in our frozen strawberry margarita or frozen watermelon margaritas, or get creative with our frozen blue moscato margaritas. More of a mezcal fan? Turn our mezcal margarita into this blended variety for a smoky, earthy blended bev. If you prefer to keep it classic, use blanco tequila in this recipe feel free to use your fave brand, or check out our list of the best tequilas we tasted. Remember that ratio and you can have the perfect margs for your crowd (or you know. Sub with Triple Sec if you can’t find it. ![]() Don’t skip my complete Tequila Guide to learn about the best tequila for margaritas you don’t have to choose something expensive, I promise Orange liqueur Grand Marnier is a great option here. Cover with about twice the amount of ice and you've got the perfect accompaniment to any pool party or cookout. Cocktail Silver tequila Your favorite Tequila Blanco works just fine. The ratio is easy to remember too: 1 part simple syrup - 2 parts triple sec - 4 parts tequila - 4 parts lime juice. No need for fancy mixes here-all you need are 5 ingredients (+ ice) and a blender to make this delicious, frozen variety. Then remove the chunks and use right away or store them in a freezer-safe container up to 9 months. Freeze for at least 4 hours, or overnight if time allows. If you're ready to cool off in the most delicious way, read on for everything you need to know to make these perfectly blended drinks right at home: Chop up the flesh into 1/2-inch chunks (the smaller they are, the easier they are to blend) and spread them evenly over a baking sheet. But, when we’re craving an icy, oh-so-refreshing twist on the classic, we turn to our frozen margaritas. From fruity varieties like peach and pineapple to spicy jalapeño, we’ve got a margarita recipe for any (and every) taste and occasion. Classic margaritas are a staple summer cocktail, and we’ve had our fair share of fun experimenting with endless variations. ![]() ![]() Kosas is a cruelty-free brand that is Leaping Bunny-certified, as noted in the Pros and Cons section of the Kosas cosmetics review above. Kosas uses natural ingredients in their products, but Yaitanes notes that it was “important to me to choose ingredients that weren’t just natural for the sake of being natural because a lot of natural ingredients can be harsh or sensitizing, too.”Īccording to The New York Times Style Magazine, Yaitanes instead “opted for healing botanicals-rose hip, grapeseed oil and mango butter among them-that hydrate and impart a remarkably long-lasting stain.” Is Kosas ethical? The Kosas website notes that the line bans over 2,700 ingredients, and adheres to the Sephora and Credo clean standards. Kosas founder, Sheena Yaitanes studied organic chemistry, and when developing her makeup she “prioritized eliminating unnecessary chemicals, such as parabens, phthalates and sulfates,” according to The New York Times Style Magazine. As described in the Kosas cosmetics review above, in Vedantic philosophy this word is used to describe the layers that encase the innermost self. ![]() It feels like velvet upon application and then settles into a natural dewy finish.” The best part is how natural and skin-like it looks. The plastic squeeze bottle is perfect for travel, and this product applies better with fingers than a sponge, so that saves a tool. “The tinted face oil is my most convenient beauty product. There’s a great selection of shades as well.”Ī glowing review from Sephora on the Tinted Face Oil Foundation claims the product is perfectly splendid: They are moisturizing, fade well, and last well for a clean lipstick. “ I have a lot of different shades of Kosas lipstick and love them all. One review from Influenster compliments the Weightless Lipstick on its variety of colors and quality: Color and Light Palette – Cream: 4.5/5 stars on the Kosas website out of 173 ratings.The Sun Show Bronzer: 4.8/5 stars on the Kosas website out of 248 ratings.Revealer Concealer: 3.8/5 stars on Sephora out of 394 ratings.Tinted Face Oil Foundation: 3.7/5 stars on Sephora out of 1,781 ratings.Tinted Face Oil: 4.1/5 stars on Influenster out of 1,098 ratings.Weightless Lipstick: 4.6/5 stars on Sephora out of 219 ratings.Take a look at how some of the featured products perform on various makeup and review sites: Some customers report problems blending, issues with oxidation, and adverse reactionsĪccording to our Kosas cosmetics review, customers are delighted with the:.Installment payments available with Afterpay.No undisclosed fragrances, silicones, BHA/BHT, formaldehyde.No talc, aluminum, parabens, petrolatum, phthalates, sulfates.Wide variety of makeup products and accessories.Next in this Kosas cosmetics review, we’ll go over pros and cons of the company and its products: Pros Appropriately for a women-centric business, 95% of Kosas employees identify as women. “ a physical layer, a vitalizing layer of energy, a sensory mental layer, a discerning intellectual layer, and a layer of truthful bliss.”Īccording to this concept, beauty lives not just in the physical but in all of these layers, which speaks to Kosas’ focus on enhancing your natural features rather than concealing or remaking them.Ībove all, the brand creates vegan, cruelty-free products that are inclusive of all skin tones and include only clean ingredients. This meaning that every person contains five intersecting and intercommunicating layers: The Los Angeles-based brand serves customers worldwide, with a Vedantic philosophy concept of the “kosas” of self. The Kosas founder, Sheena Yaitanes launched the brand in 2015 with a mission to revolutionize color cosmetics and a commitment to “ free, easy, unrestrained beauty that celebrates simplicity and defies convention.” Chang enjoys the culinary arts, activities at church, and spending time with his wife and two kids. Chang is fluent in English, Mandarin, and conversational Spanish. He is continually honored by Super Doctors.ĭr. His research focuses on integrating biomedical engineering/nanotechnology and development of novel therapeutics in vitreoretinal diseases. Dr Chao owned her own practice in Dallas before coming back to Houston to start Eye Logic Eyecare. He completed medical school at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas then stayed at Baylor for a transitional. He graduated from the University of Texas at Austin with Highest Honors and was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. Directions From I-10 West Take exit 743 B toward TX-99 S/TX-99 N/Grand Parkway. Doctor Eric Holz was born and raised in Austin, Texas. 23501 Cinco Ranch Blvd, Ste G205 Katy, TX 77494 Phone: (713) 524-3434 Contact Us Get Directions RCTX Katy - Retina Specialists Christopher R. He sees these patients through RVT's Houston Pediatric Retina center. Charles Garcia, MD, renown retina specialist. Holz, MD FACS Adult & Pediatric Retina Specialist. Chang specializes in all aspects of adult and pediatric vitreoretinal diseases with a particular interest in macular degeneration, macular holes, retinal detachments, diabetic retinopathy, vein occlusions, and acquired/inherited pediatric retinal disorders including retinopathy of prematurity, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, persistent fetal vasculature, Coats’ disease, and ocular trauma. He participated in numerous clinical trials and received multiple research grants.ĭr. ![]() Michels fellowship award, the nation’s highest honor given to a retina surgical fellow. He was awarded the Heed Ophthalmic Fellowship Award and the Ronald G. Tarek Hassan and 6 other distinguished retina faculty. Chang had the privilege of completing his vitreoretinal surgical fellowship at the world-renowned retinal surgical training program, Associated Retinal Consultants/William Beaumont Hospital in Michigan, under the guidance of Dr. In addition, he is a post-doctoral Fight for Sight Research fellowship recipient.ĭr. While at Baylor, Emmanuel received the Milton Boniuk and Lions Eye bank Research award as well as the Goar Resident Research Award multiple years in a row. He completed his internship training at Methodist Hospital and continued his ophthalmology residency at the Cullen Eye Institute of Baylor College of Medicine, where he was selected to be Chief Resident by the faculty his final year. He has written several publications and book chapters in adult and pediatric retinal diseases and presented at both national and international meetings. He is a member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, American Society for Retina Specialists, and the Cullen Eye Institute Alumni Association. Chang is a board-certified ophthalmologist by the American Board of Ophthalmology. He was the recipient of the highly competitive NDSEG and Harvey Fellows fellowship during his PhD training.ĭr. Rebekah Drezek, PhD combined state of the art nanotechnology with optical imaging for biological applications and was recognized both nationally and internationally. Lam graduated from the University of Texas. His cutting edge doctoral thesis work under Dr. Houston Retina Associates Pa 13300 HARGRAVE RD STE 480, Houston, TX, 77070 6 other locations (281) 495-2222 Overview Locations OVERVIEW Dr. at Rice University in the Department of Bioengineering. ![]() Duke Memorial Scholarship, Duke University’s most prestigious merit scholarship awarded to the top 15 students and studied at Oxford University in England.Īfter college, he went on to complete a combined MD/PhD degree, graduating from medical school at Baylor College of Medicine and finishing his doctorate Ph.D. He received his Bachelor’s degree from Duke University with departmental distinction in Biomedical and Electrical Engineering. He was selected as one of the top 20 high school students in the country by USA Today. Chang was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma and grew up in Kansas and Tennessee. Please browse through our website as we have provided an overview of our many services here, but please don’t hesitate to call any one of our offices for more information.Dr. Our comprehensive eye care includes emergency eye care, cataract evaluation and surgery, diabetic eye care and treatments, glaucoma treatment, LASIK vision correction and more.Īt Greater Houston Eye Consultants, we are constantly researching and updating our services to offer you the latest and greatest eye care. ![]() We are a referral center for many area Optometrists, Primary Care Physicians, and Specialists. ![]() We pride ourselves on providing you the type of care that will meet all of your eye care needs. The doctors at Greater Houston Eye Consultants provide a complete range of high quality, experienced eye care. Our goal is that you receive the comprehensive eye care that you need and deserve and that you leave our office with all of your questions answered. All eye problems or conditions are welcome here! Comprehensive eye care center with the latest technology. Latest Version Release Added On: 09th Oct 2018.Compatibility Architecture: 32 Bit (x86) / 64 Bit (圆4).Setup Type: Offline Installer / Full Standalone Setup.Setup File Name: .v7.3.MULTiLANGUAGE-RESTORE.rar.Software Full Name: Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3.Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 Technical Setup Details Got a very impressive integration with MS Office programs.Enables you to actually listen to the content of your PDFs.All the functions can be accessed from the toolbars and menus.Got an intuitive and user friendly interface.Got an installation process which will take some time to complete.A very handy, complex and flexible application which will help you edit as well as convert PDF files to various different document formats.You can also download Foxit Advanced PDF Editor.įeatures of Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3īelow are some noticeable features which you’ll experience after Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 free download. All in all Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 is an imposing application for editing and converting PDF files to various different document formats. ![]() It has got a very impressive integration with MS Office programs. Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 enables you to actually listen to the content of your PDFs. ![]() All the functions can be accessed from the toolbars and menus so most of the users can work with it very quickly. Once the installation process is completed and you initiate the program you will be greeted with a user friendly and intuitive user interface. Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 has got an installation process which will take some time to complete. You can also download Nuance PDF Converter Professional. Reading a PDF file is easy but when it comes to creating a PDF file then you are talking about some serious business. PDF file format are very famous and common in today’s world. Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 is a very handy, complex and flexible application which will help you edit as well as convert PDF files to various different document formats. Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 Overview It is full offline installer standalone setup of Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3. ![]() Nuance PDF Converter Enterprise 7.3 Free Download. ![]() Maximum path length for files in RAR and ZIP archives is increased to 2,048 characters. AES encryption, when used, is in CBC mode and was increased in strength from 128- to 256-bit. The RAR5 file format increased the maximum dictionary size to 1 GB 11 different compression directory sizes from 1 MB to 1 GB are available, with the default in version 5 increased from 4 MB to 32 MB, typically improving compression ratio. WinRAR versions before 5.0 do not support RAR5 archives only older versions of WinRAR run on Windows versions prior to Windows Vista, and cannot open RAR5 archives. Support for the archive format RAR5, using the same RAR file extension as earlier versions, was added in version 5.0 the older RAR file format has since been referred to as RAR4. WinRAR and the RAR file format have evolved over time. Related programs include the command-line utilities "RAR" and "UNRAR" and versions for macOS, Linux, FreeBSD, Windows CE, and MS-DOS. An Android application called "RAR for Android" is also available. WinRAR supports creating encrypted, multi-part and self-extracting archives. To enable the user to test the integrity of archives, WinRAR embeds CRC32 or BLAKE2 checksums for each file in each archive. It can create and view archives in RAR or ZIP file formats, and unpack numerous archive file formats. WinRAR is a trialware file archiver utility for Windows, developed by Eugene Roshal of win.rar GmbH. Trialware ( nagware for individual users) ![]() Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lithuanian, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian Cyrillic, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Colombian Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Uzbek, Vietnamese ![]() ![]() Inhalation burns occur as the result of breathing superheated gases, hot liquid or steam, etc. Inhalation burns are the most serious immediate life threat that can present both with or without an accompanying thermal burn. ![]() Caused by electrical current passing from electric outlet ![]() Caused by exposure to reactive chemicals such as acids Caused by hot solids or items such as a hot cooking item Thermal burns involve the skin and may be seen as any of the following: Classification by cause would be classified as either thermal or inhalation. The three most common characteristics used are cause, depth and extent of the burn. There are multiple characteristics used in the classification of burns. It is imperative for EMS clinicians to understand how heat energy is transferred, how burns are classified and immediate treatment of those burns. As EMS clinicians, we are in a unique position to be able to provide proactive education to patients as we enter their homes. Many of these burn injuries could often be avoided with basic household safety and maintenance. These situations are often stressful for emergency medicine clinicians, not only because of the injury caused by the burn, but because burns are more likely to happen to children and older adults, two age groups that already elicit larger amounts of stress from emergency clinicians. One flap was lost early in the series.It is imperative for EMS clinicians to understand how heat energy is transferred, how burns are classified and immediate treatment of those burns. Facial animation is retained and color matches are excellent. In all cases, facial integrity has been aesthetically restored and, in most instances, with makeup, is near normal in social settings at conversational distances. After restoration of facial form and texture, flesh color make-up and/or tattooing of beard, lips, scars, eyebrows, etc., aid to hide scars and pigment the skin to harmonize with the rest of the face. Adjunctive procedures include tensor fasciae latae slings, intraoperative tissue expansion, suction-assisted lipectomy, and scar management. Three-dimensional imaging is used to assess architectural asymmetries, and bone grafts are aided by computer-generated acrylic models. Seams are placed at junctions of facial components. Important to outcome is extensive initial intraoperative "sculpting" to simulate normal planes and contours. Flaps represented are free preauricular (1), radial forearm (6), ulnar forearm (1), free scapular (6), ilio-osteocutaneous (2), temporoparietal (8), vascularized forehead island (3), supraclavicular (1), and SMAS (1). The series includes hemiface (2), neck/jaw (5), chin/lower lip (3), cheek/malar (5), peri-orbital (2), nose (3), upper lip (4), and ear reconstructions (4). Since 1985, the author has successfully restored 17 severely disfigured burned faces by replacement of entire aesthetic units with microvascular "prepatterned" composite flaps blended into the facial canvas by cosmetic camouflage techniques. Criteria for success are (1) an undistracted "normal" look at conversational distance, (2) facial balance and symmetry, (3) distinct aesthetic units fused by inconspicuous scars, (4) "doughy" skin texture appropriate for corrective makeup, and (5) dynamic facial expression. The strategy of modern facial restoration emphasizes enhancement of aesthetic appearance as significantly as mitigation of functional impairment. Although highly specialized burn centers have significantly reduced mortality rates following extensive total body surface area burns, survivors are often left with grotesque facial disfigurement. |